If you’ve been dreaming of purchasing your first home, you know the prospect can feel at once exciting and daunting. One of the biggest barriers standing in the way of home ownership: saving enough for a down payment. 

In an effort to help more Canadians enter the housing market, the Government of Canada introduced a new registered plan through its 2022 budget, called the Tax-Free, First Home Savings Account (FHSA). Through the new account, prospective home buyers can build their savings up to $40,000 tax-free for the purchase of their first home. The FHSA is packed with powerful benefits that can help you save faster than ever before.

Here’s a closer look at 10 commonly asked questions about the FHSA:

1. What is an FHSA?
2. Who is eligible for the FHSA?
3. What are the top benefits?
4. Tell me more about contributions and deductions
5. What can I withdraw the money for?
6. How does it differ from the Home Buyers' Plan?
7. What happens if you don't buy or build a new home?
8. Can I have a real life example?
9. What's the key takeaway?
10. Where can I learn more?

1. What, exactly, is an FHSA?

Great question. The FHSA is a registered plan designed to help first-time homeowners save for a down payment. It combines the very best features of a registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) and tax-free savings account (TFSA).

• Annual FHSA contribution limit: $8,000 | Lifetime FHSA contribution limit: $40,000.
• Like an RRSP, contributions made to a FHSA are tax-deductible.
• As with a TFSA, no taxes are paid on withdrawals made to purchase an eligible first home. 

There are also certain duration requirements for the First Home Savings Account. Accounts can stay open:

• For maximum of 15 years.
• Until the end of the year that an individual turns 71.
• Until the end of the year following the year a qualifying withdrawal for a home purchase is made.

2. Who is eligible for the FHSA?

Getting started is half the work. To open an FHSA, you must be:

• A resident of Canada as defined by the Government.
• Between the ages of 18 – 71 years; You must be the age of majority in your province of residence (19 years old in British Columbia).
• A first-time home buyer.

3. What are the top benefits?

Grow your savings, not your taxes. The First Home Savings Account offers four powerful incentives:

1. It offers tax-sheltered savings. The FHSA allows you to save for a down payment tax-free for up to 15 years. Since investment earnings aren’t taxed, savings can grow faster than a traditional savings account—expediting the time it takes to reach your goals.
2. Contributions are tax deductible. As contributions are deductible from your income, it can lower your annual tax bill or even increase your tax return each year.
3. Ability to transfer funds from an FHSA to an RRSP or Registered Retirement Income Fund. Transfers from the holder’s FHSA to an RRSP or RRIF in their name can take place on a tax-deferred basis and does not affect the holder’s RRSP contribution room.
4. Ability to use the FHSA and Home Buyers’ Plan together in respect to the same qualifying home purchase. As an example, two individuals purchasing a home together, could mean up to $150,000 towards a down payment with these two government programs.

4. Tell me more about contributions and deductions.

Now, we'll dig deeper into the fine print of contribution limits and deductions.

• Lifetime limit and annual contributions. The FHSA has a lifetime limit of $40,000, and contributions are capped at $8,000 per year. 
• Carry-over contributions. Any unused contributions from the previous year can be carried forward, to a maximum of $8,000. So, for example, if you contributed $3,000 in 2023, you’d be able to carry forward $5,000. This means the allowable contribution limit would be $13,000 in 2024 ($8,000 plus $5,000 from the prior year). Subject to applicable CRA legislation.
• Tax deductible. Contributions can be claimed as a deduction against all sources of taxable income—reducing your overall amount of taxable income for the year. Contributions made within the first 60 days of a given calendar year cannot be claimed in the previous tax year.

5. What can I withdraw the money for?

Let’s get down to the details. An account holder must meet certain conditions to withdraw money tax-free. You must:

• Be a first-time home buyer and a resident of Canada at the time of the withdrawal.
• Have a written agreement to buy or build a qualifying home located in Canada before October 1 of the year following the withdrawal.
• Intend to occupy the qualifying home as your principal residence (not an investment or leisure property) within one year of buying or building it.

When funds are withdrawn, FHSA contribution room is not reinstated.

6. How does it differ from the Home Buyers’ Plan?

As you may know, the Home Buyers’ Plan allows you to take $35,000 from your RRSP without being taxed to use for your first home. The caveat: you must pay what you borrowed within 15 years.  

This is a core difference from the FHSA, which does not need to be paid back to the account. It’s also worth noting that you can use both the FHSA and Home Buyers’ Plan for your first home! 

7. What happens if you don’t buy or build a new home?

Change happens. So, what do you do if your circumstances shift, and you no longer need to purchase or build a home?

You can transfer any savings from your FHSA into a RRSP or RRIF. This transfer is done on a tax-free basis. Your savings are only taxed when they are withdrawn and not used for a first home purchase.

8. Can I have a real-life example?